Utf8only is set to off, and Normalization is set to none.
However, it is likely that the filenames are in normal form C, as they were created by Linux.
However, a weird thing happened when I used convmv to change the normal form of the filenames. They started appearing in Finder, but when I try to access these files from the command line, bash no longer seems to recognize them when I type their name on the keyboard.
Also, even weirder, the latin2 characters in NFD register as TWO characters for bash (eg. to access "hé.txt", I need to type "h??.txt" instead of "h?.txt").
It's as bash itself was using the wrong normalization...